Day+3+Jazz

Ayla, what's your e-mail address? i forgot to get it today so i can send you the powerpoint thanks Elyse

Hey All! Here's the handout. Feel free to make any changes you need. ~Rachel

Important dates


 * 1897: Twelve year old Jelly Roll Morton “invents” jazz by combining ragtime, French quadrilles, and the blues
 * In 1922: Louis Armstrong joins the Creole Jazz Band at Lincoln Gardens in Chicago
 * 1925-1928: Louis Armstrong revolutionizes Jazz music with his Hot Fives and Hot Sevens recordings. Encourages solo improv over ensemble playing
 * 1927: Duke Ellington opens at the Cotton Club in Harlem
 * 1936: Jazz becomes integrated and at the same time Billie Holiday joins Artie Shaw’s Big Band
 * 1938: The January 16th Carnegie Hall “Twenty Years of Jazz” concert

Titles of some of Jazz’s most famous works:


 * Louis Armstrong’s "Hot Five" and "Hot Seven"
 * Billie Holiday’s “God Bless the Child” and “Strange Fruit”
 * James P. Johnson’s "The Charleston," "Old Fashioned Love," and "If I Could Be with You One Hour Tonight."

Why they were/are important:


 * Louis Armstrong**
 * Armstrong influenced the Fletcher Henderson Orchestra with improvisation and a new musical vocabulary.
 * His "scat" singing transformed vocal tradition and musicians studied his recordings to hear what a horn could do.
 * His music had had a major effect on "swing" and the big band sound.
 * Considered the leader of the jazz movement and, in the words of Dizzy Gillespie, //"Louis Armstrong's station in the history of jazz is unimpeachable. If it weren't for him, there wouldn't be any of us."//


 * James P. Johnson**
 * Invented the “stride” piano sound
 * Helped move the musical community from ragtime to jazz
 * He became noted for his rare ability to create embellishments, variations, and improvisations on popular songs
 * According to composer Gunther Schuller, Johnson used //"basic Negro musical traditions that emulated roughly Liszt's approach in his Hungarian rhapsodies."//
 * Billie Holiday **
 * Known for her distinctive phrasing and soulful, soft, yet strong voice
 * Discovered by John Hammond who signed her for the purpose of recording popular swing tunes
 * Was in a group led by pianist Teddy Wilson
 * Considered by many to be the greatest jazz vocalist of all time- through facing racism and sexism paved the way for future musicians